“At the Erfurt fountain, blue flowers grow…” – even Goethe raved about the beauty of this city. Erfurt, the capital of Thuringia, is a blend of medieval history and modern city life. With one of the best-preserved old towns in Germany, the famous Krämerbrücke, and the imposing cathedral, Erfurt attracts visitors from all over the world. However, aside from the well-known attractions, there is much to discover: hidden alleys, green oases, and a rich cultural scene.

• One of the most beautiful old towns in Germany with half-timbered houses, narrow streets, and impressive architecture
• The Krämerbrücke – the longest inhabited bridge in Europe
• A rich history from Martin Luther to Napoleon
• Culinary delights such as Thuringian sausages and Erfurt Schittchen
• A vibrant city life with festivals, cultural events, and green retreats

• Area: 269 km²
• Population: approx. 214,000 (as of 2024)
• First documented mention: 742 AD by Boniface
• Highest point: 431 m (Egstedter Warte)
• Lowest point: 158 m (Gera-Aue)
• River: The Gera flows through the city
• University City: One of the oldest universities in Germany was founded here in 1392, where Martin Luther studied
• Economy: Important sectors include mechanical engineering, microtechnology, and horticulture
• Transport: Erfurt is a major ICE junction and has its own airport
• Culture: Numerous theaters, museums, and a vibrant music scene
• Green spaces: Almost 40% of the city area consists of parks and gardens
• Famous personalities: Martin Luther, Johann Sebastian Bach (worked in Erfurt), Wilhelm von Humboldt
• Sister cities: including Mainz, Győr (Hungary), and Haifa (Israel)

5 Curious Facts About Erfurt

1. Mysterious Puff Bean 🤔
   The residents of Erfurt call themselves "Puff beans". The reason is that this type of bean was once widespread in the city and served as a staple food. Today, the "Puff bean" can be found as souvenirs in many forms – from stuffed toys to chocolate figures.

2. The Krämerbrücke has no screws
   The iconic bridge is almost entirely made of wood and stone – and was built without screws or nails. Nevertheless, it has stood for centuries!

3. Napoleon made history here
   In 1808, Napoleon met Tsar Alexander I in Erfurt for the famous Erfurt Princes' Congress. The aim was an alliance against Austria, but in the end, Napoleon had little success with it.

4. Martin Luther called Erfurt "my beloved Erfordia"
   The reformer spent formative years of his life here – and became a monk in Erfurt. The Augustinian monastery is still an important site related to Luther.

5. One of the largest indigo trading cities in the Middle Ages
   The blue dye from the woad plant made Erfurt rich in the Middle Ages. Today, the "Waid Speicher" serves as a reminder of this prosperous time.

As early as the 8th century, Erfurt was mentioned as an important trading place. The city was located on the Via Regia, one of the most important trade routes in Europe, and benefited from the trade of fabrics, salt, and woad. In 1392, one of the first universities in Germany was founded here, attracting scholars from all over Europe.

Erfurt under Prussian and GDR Times

After centuries of belonging to the Archdiocese of Mainz, Erfurt became Prussian in 1803 and later part of Thuringia. During the GDR era, Erfurt was an important industrial city. Today, many prefabricated buildings can still be seen, but the old town has largely been preserved.

Erfurt is divided into 9 districts, which collectively comprise 53 neighborhoods. While some neighborhoods are located directly in the center and are characterized by historic buildings, there are also many rural areas and modern residential quarters.

Especially noteworthy is that many neighborhoods have retained their original character – whether they feature century-old half-timbered houses or typical GDR prefabricated buildings.

Erfurt has a multitude of impressive sights, ranging from medieval buildings to green retreats. The old town is one of the best-preserved in Germany, and many buildings reflect the city's eventful history. Here are some of the most famous landmarks you shouldn't miss!

The main landmarks of Erfurt at a glance

• Krämerbrücke – the longest continuously inhabited bridge in Europe
• Erfurt Cathedral & Severi Church – the city's landmark
• Petersberg Citadel – one of the largest preserved city fortifications in Europe
• Augustinian Monastery – where Martin Luther lived and worked
• Fish Market & Town Hall – historic merchants' houses in the center
• ega-Park – one of the most beautiful garden and leisure parks in Germany
• Molsdorf Palace – a baroque palace complex with a park

Krämerbrücke – the heart of the city

With its 32 half-timbered houses, Krämerbrücke is one of Erfurt's largest attractions. The bridge was built in the Middle Ages from stone and is still fully inhabited today – a real rarity in Europe! Here, you will find small shops with crafts, cafes, and galleries.

📌 TIP: If you want to experience the bridge in peace, it's best to come early in the morning or in the evening when the day tourists are gone.

The best route for a city tour

To explore Erfurt's landmarks, you can follow this route:

• Start at Cathedral Square: Admire Erfurt Cathedral & Severi Church
• Through the Fish Market: Admire historical facades and the Town Hall
• Explore Krämerbrücke: Visit small shops and cafes
• Walk up Petersberg: Enjoy the fantastic view from the citadel
• Visit the Augustinian Monastery: Learn more about Martin Luther
• Relax in ega-Park: Enjoy flowers, gardens, and tranquility

🚶‍♂️ TOTAL DISTANCE: approx. 4 km | DURATION: 3–4 hours

Thuringia is known for its hearty cuisine – and Erfurt is no exception! In addition to the famous Thuringian bratwurst, there are many other specialties that you should try.

Typical Dishes from Erfurt

• Thuringian Bratwurst – The most well-known specialty of Thuringia! Traditionally prepared on a charcoal grill and served with mustard.
• Thuringian Dumplings – Large potato dumplings that pair perfectly with roast meat and dark sauce.
• Erfurt Schittchen – A stollen with a long tradition, baked since the Middle Ages.
• Erfurt Puff Bean – A traditional bean variety, after which the people of Erfurt are also nicknamed.

Erfurt is traversed by the Gera, a river that splits into several small arms and shapes the urban landscape. Additionally, there are several lakes and ponds that are used as recreational areas.

Erfurt is not only the capital of Thuringia but also an important economic and educational center. The mix of industry, services, and universities makes the city attractive for businesses and students.

Population: How is Erfurt developing?

With over 214,000 inhabitants, Erfurt is the largest city in Thuringia. The population has slightly increased in recent years as many young people move to the city for study or work.

📊 Population statistics (2024):

• Total population: approx. 214,000
• Average age: 44 years
• Students: approx. 6,000
• Population growth: +0.5% per year

Which industries are important in Erfurt?

Erfurt has a diverse economy with focuses in industry, technology, and services. Here are some of the most important sectors:

• Mechanical engineering & automotive suppliers – Many companies from the metal and mechanical engineering sectors are based here.
• Microtechnology & optics – Erfurt is part of the "Optical Valley" and home to several high-tech companies.
• Horticulture & seed production – Erfurt is also known as the "City of Flowers" and has a long tradition in plant breeding.
• Logistics & trade – Due to its central location, Erfurt is an important logistics hub.

Economic development: Where does Erfurt stand today?

The city's economy has changed significantly over the last few decades: from an industrial city shaped by the GDR to a versatile economic location with a strong service sector. Particularly the ICE hub Erfurt has contributed to its economic attractiveness.

🎉 FUN FACT: Erfurt is home to the editorial office of the children's channel (KiKA) – here, well-known children's shows like "Die Sendung mit dem Elefanten" are produced!

Erfurt offers a diverse program of events throughout the year. From historic markets to music festivals to traditional celebrations – there is always something happening here!

The main events in Erfurt

• DomStufen-Festspiele: Open-air theater against the impressive backdrop of Erfurt Cathedral. Every year, a new opera or musical is performed.
• Erfurt Christmas Market: One of the most beautiful Christmas markets in Germany with over 200 stalls around the Cathedral Square and Krämerbrücke.
• Krämerbrückenfest: The largest old town festival in Thuringia with music, street performers, and a medieval market.
• Old Town Spring & Oktoberfest: Two large folk festivals with rides, beer tents, and live music on the Cathedral Square.
• Wine Festival at Cathedral Square: Winemakers from various regions present their wines in an idyllic atmosphere.

Annual Events Overview

Erfurt has many beautiful spots – whether you're out alone, with a partner, or the whole family. Here are our top recommendations!

Five attractions in Erfurt

• ega Park: One of the largest garden and leisure parks in Germany, with playgrounds, greenhouses, and colorful flower beds. Perfect for families and nature lovers.
• Petersberg Citadel: One of the few preserved baroque city fortifications in Europe – offering a breathtaking view over Erfurt.
• Schloss Molsdorf: Baroque palace with a picturesque park, ideal for a relaxing stroll.
• Thuringian Zoo Park: Home to over 1,000 animals on a vast area – one of the largest zoos in Central Germany.
• Nordstrand: A popular recreational area with a sandy beach, water sports opportunities, and plenty of space to relax.

Three recommendations for couples

• Candlelight dinner at 'Zumnorde' restaurant: Fine wines and regional cuisine in a stylish ambiance.
• Sunset walk over the Krämerbrücke:  Romantic atmosphere with a view of the old half-timbered houses.
• Wellness day at Avenida-Therme (near Erfurt): Pure relaxation with saunas, pools, and a lovely outdoor area.

Three recommendations for singles

• Bar hopping in Andreasvorstadt: Here you'll find cool bars, from hip to alternative.
• Yoga class at ega Park: A great way for sporty solo travelers to meet new people.
• Cultural evening at Theater Erfurt: From classical concerts to modern performances – there's something for everyone.

Three recommendations for families

• Children's farm at ega Park: Perfect for little animal lovers – here kids can experience animals up close.
• Round trip with the old town train: Comfortable city tour for families with small children.
• Visit to the Natural History Museum: Many exciting interactive exhibits for children.

Three hotel recommendations in Erfurt

• Luxury: 'Dorint am Dom' hotel: Right at the cathedral square, elegant ambiance and top-notch service.
• Mid-range: 'Zumnorde' hotel: Central location, cozy rooms, and delicious breakfast.
• Budget: Opera Hostel: Affordable, clean rooms and a perfect location in the old town.

What should you pay attention to?

• Do not order sausage with ketchup: In Erfurt, mustard is mandatory on the Thuringian bratwurst – ketchup is frowned upon!
• Do not ride your bike on Krämerbrücke: The bridge is a pedestrian zone – cycling here risks a fine.
• Many shops are closed on Sundays: As in many German cities, most stores are closed on Sundays.

How does public transportation work?

Tram network:
Erfurt has a well-developed tram network with 6 lines that connect the city's main points.

Buses:
There are numerous bus lines for more remote parts of the city.

🚌 TIP: Most attractions are easily accessible on foot – you often don't need a ticket!

What is the weather like in Erfurt?

Erfurt has a temperate climate with warm summers and cool winters.

Average temperatures & weather:

🚌 TIP: The best travel time is May to September, when the weather is mild and many events take place!

How do you get to Erfurt?

By plane:

• Erfurt-Weimar Airport (few direct connections)
• Alternatively: Leipzig/Halle or Frankfurt (with ICE to Erfurt)

By train:

• ICE hub: Fast connections to Berlin, Munich, Frankfurt
• From Berlin: about 1h 40 min
• From Frankfurt: about 2h

By car:

• Well accessible via the A4 (West-East) and A71 (North-South)

Erfurt is a city with a rich historical heritage, relaxed atmosphere, and delicious food. Whether you want to experience culture, relax in nature, or simply stroll through the old town – Erfurt has something to offer for everyone.