Vienna Profile ⬇ History, Culture & Attractions

“In Vienna, you must first die before they let you celebrate. But then you live long.” This quote by Falco aptly describes the Viennese charm – a mixture of melancholy, nostalgia, and joy of life. Few other cities can connect an imperial past so elegantly with modern quality of life. Whether it's magnificent palaces, historic coffee houses, or vibrant markets: here you can follow in the footsteps of Mozart and Beethoven, enjoy a piece of Sachertorte, or stroll through the green vineyards on the outskirts of the city.

• Magnificent architecture and imperial heritage – From Schönbrunn Palace to the Hofburg, the city breathes history.
• A world-famous café culture – A place to linger and enjoy, with a tradition that is recognized as UNESCO World Heritage.
• Classical music at the highest level – Mozart, Beethoven, and the Vienna Philharmonic make the city a musical metropolis.
• Cozy heurige and Viennese cuisine – You must try Wiener Schnitzel, Tafelspitz, and apple strudel.
• Vibrant neighborhoods with a creative scene – In addition to the historic old town, modern districts attract visitors with trendy bars and boutiques.

• Population: Approximately 2 million – the largest city in Austria.
• Area: 414.8 km².
• Highest Elevation: The Hermannskogel at 542 meters.
• River: The Danube shapes the cityscape and divides Vienna into two halves.
• Foundation: The first settlements existed as early as the Neolithic period, but Vienna was founded by the Romans as Vindobona.
• University with Tradition: The University of Vienna, founded in 1365, is one of the oldest in the German-speaking world.
• Coffeehouse Culture: Since 2011, it has been part of the intangible UNESCO World Cultural Heritage.
• Balls Galore: There are over 450 balls held annually, including the famous Vienna Opera Ball.
• Historic Subway: The Vienna city railway was co-planned by Otto Wagner, one of the most significant Art Nouveau architects.
• Famous Personalities: Sigmund Freud, Gustav Klimt, Falco, and many other great figures lived and worked here.

Even as early as 500 BC, Celts settled in the region of present-day Vienna, before the Romans established the military camp Vindobona in the 1st century AD. The city served as a important stronghold on the Danube to secure the borders of the Roman Empire. Today, archaeological finds in the city center remind us of this era.

After the fall of the Roman Empire, Vienna changed hands several times. It was not until the rule of the Babenberg dynasty in the 12th century that the city began its rise to significance as a trading hub. In 1237, Vienna was granted city rights, and due to its central location on important trade routes, commerce with salt, wine, and other goods flourished.

The Habsburgs make Vienna the Imperial City

With the takeover of power by the Habsburgs in the 13th century, Vienna ultimately became the political and cultural center of Central Europe. The city developed into a residential city for the emperors, which is still visible in the city's architecture today. Magnificent buildings such as the Hofburg, the Augustinian Church, and St. Stephen's Cathedral date back to this period.

Especially during the Baroque period in the 17th and 18th centuries, Vienna took on its present appearance. Schönbrunn Palace became the opulent summer residence of the Habsburgs, and under Maria Theresa and Emperor Franz Joseph, the city experienced a golden age.

Vienna in the 19th and 20th centuries – From Monarchy to Modern World City

In the 19th century, Vienna was one of the largest cities in Europe. The Ringstraße, lined with magnificent buildings such as the Parliament, the State Opera, and the Burgtheater, was constructed. At the same time, a rich cultural scene emerged, making Vienna the capital of music.

After the end of the monarchy in 1918, Vienna became the capital of the newly founded Republic of Austria. During World War II, the city was heavily bombed, but after 1945, reconstruction began. Today, Vienna is a modern metropolis with a high quality of life and a unique historical heritage.

Vienna is divided into 23 districts, each encompassing several neighborhoods. Each district has its own history, architecture, and function – ranging from historical grand buildings in the Inner City to modern residential and industrial areas in the outer districts.

TIP: The 10th District (Favoriten) is the most populous, while the 8th District (Josefstadt) is the smallest. The 22nd District (Donaustadt) has the largest area.

The Austrian capital is located in the northeast of the country, directly on the Danube River. It is surrounded by Lower Austria and is only about 60 km from the Slovak capital Bratislava. Due to its central location, Vienna is an important transportation hub in Europe.

TIP: A day trip to Bratislava is easy to do – the train ride only takes an hour!

One thing is clear: Vienna is home to many architectural landmarks that you absolutely must see. From majestic palaces to modern highlights – Vienna offers something for every taste.

These attractions are a must-see:

• Schönbrunn Palace – The opulent summer residence of the Habsburgs.
• Hofburg Palace – The former power center of the monarchy located in the old town.
• St. Stephen's Cathedral – The Gothic landmark of the city with a breathtaking view from the tower.
• Vienna State Opera – One of the most prestigious opera houses in the world.
• Belvedere Palace – A baroque masterpiece with one of Austria’s most important art collections.
• City Hall – A neo-Gothic grandeur regularly used for events.
• Hundertwasserhaus – Colorful, organic, and playful – a unique example of modern architecture.
• Prater & Ferris Wheel – The historic amusement park with the world-famous Ferris wheel.
• MuseumsQuartier – A hotspot for art, culture, and relaxing hours in the courtyard.

What makes Schönbrunn Palace so special?

Schönbrunn Palace is one of the most magnificent baroque palaces in Europe and has been the summer residence of the Habsburgs for centuries. The palace complex includes over 1,400 rooms, some of which can be visited, including the state rooms of Empress Maria Theresa.

Another highlight is the expansive palace garden with the famous Gloriette, from which you can enjoy a dreamy view over the city. The adjacent Schönbrunn Zoo, the oldest zoo in the world, is especially a great excursion destination for families.

TIP: The Imperial Tour through the palace is perfect for a brief, yet intensive glimpse into the life of the Habsburgs!

What makes St. Stephen's Cathedral a landmark of Vienna?

With its Gothic architecture and distinctive colorful roof design, St. Stephen's Cathedral is the centerpiece of Vienna's old town.

Don't miss out on:

• Tower Climb: The view from the south tower over the city center is breathtaking.
• Catacomb Tour: An exciting tour through the underground vaults with ancient graves.
• The Pummerin: The largest bell in Austria rings only on special occasions.

TIP: Morning or evening visits have less foot traffic – ideal for a relaxed visit!

How to create a perfect sightseeing route through Vienna?

If you only have one day, you can experience the most important highlights with this route:

1. Start at St. Stephen's Cathedral and enjoy the view from the tower top.
2. Stroll through Hofburg Palace, visit the Imperial Apartments and the Silver Room.
3. Take a walk along Kärntnertor Theater and take a coffee break at Café Sacher.
4. Visit Schönbrunn Palace and stroll through the gardens.
5. End the day at the Prater and enjoy a ride on the Ferris wheel.

TIP: If you stay longer, consider visiting the museums in the MuseumsQuartier or taking a day trip to the Wachau!

The Danube is the most important river in Vienna, but there are other bodies of water that shape the cityscape.

TIP: On hot summer days, the Old Danube is perfect for swimming and boating!

With a contribution of around 25 percent to the total economic output of the country, Vienna secures its name as the economic center of the nation. The city is not only home to many large companies but also an important financial and innovation hub.

The Key Economic Sectors

• Service Sector – About 85% of all companies in Vienna operate in the service sector. The areas of tourism, trade, and management consulting are particularly strong here.
• Industry and Production – While Vienna is not considered a classic industrial city, there are significant production sites in districts like Simmering and Liesing, especially for the food and automotive supply industries.
• Technology and Innovation – With numerous research centers, start-ups, and universities, Vienna is one of the leading technology locations in Europe. IT, biotechnology, and environmental technology are particularly strong.
• Financial Sector – Vienna is home to many banks, insurance companies, and international financial firms, and is regarded as a hub for investments in Central and Eastern Europe.
• Tourism and Cultural Economy – With over 17 million overnight stays per year, Vienna is one of the most visited cities in Europe. Museums, theaters, and concerts significantly contribute to the local economy.

TIP: The Port of Vienna is one of the largest and most modern inland ports in Europe and plays an important role in international trade.

Few cities connect tradition and modernity as skillfully as Vienna – and this is also reflected in the event calendar. From grand balls to high-profile music festivals and modern street food events, there is something happening throughout the year.

The most important events in Vienna at a glance:

• Vienna Opera Ball – The most glamorous ball of the year at the Vienna State Opera.
• Danube Island Festival – Europe's largest outdoor music festival with free admission.
• Vienna Festival Weeks – High-profile theater, dance, and music performances from around the world.
• Vienna New Year's Eve Trail – The entire city becomes a party zone with concerts and fireworks.
• Vienna Christmas Markets – From late November, traditional markets enchant the city.
• Vienna City Marathon – The largest running competition in Austria with impressive scenery.
• Film Festival at the Town Hall Square – Open-air cinema with culinary specialties from around the world.

The biggest events in Vienna at a glance

TIP: Anyone visiting Vienna during the Christmas season should definitely experience the Christkindlmarkt at the Town Hall Square – one of the most beautiful Christmas markets in Europe!

Whether for a romantic short trip, a family vacation, or a weekend full of adventure – Vienna offers the perfect program for every occasion.

Five exciting destinations in Vienna

1. Schloss Laxenburg – Just outside Vienna lies this impressive castle complex with beautiful parklands and the picturesque Franzensburg.
2. Kahlenberg – The local mountain of Vienna offers a great view over the city and is located in the midst of vineyards.
3. Zentralfriedhof – One of the largest cemeteries in Europe with the graves of famous personalities like Beethoven and Falco.
4. Gartenpalais Liechtenstein – A magnificent Baroque palace with an art collection and idyllic garden.
5. Nationalpark Donau-Auen – Perfect for nature lovers and ideal for a small hike or a boat tour.

Three recommendations in Vienna for couples

1. Fiaker ride through the old town – Pure romance in a traditional horse-drawn carriage.
2. Candle-light dinner in the Ferris wheel – An exclusive dinner with spectacular views.
3. Evening stroll along the Danube Canal – Relaxed strolling with a view of the illuminated city.

Three recommendations in Vienna for singles

1. Cultural enjoyment at the MuseumsQuartier – Perfect for art enthusiasts and meeting new people.
2. Exploring street food markets – Vienna offers many trendy markets with culinary highlights.
3. Discovering cocktail bars – The trendy neighborhoods of Neubau and Leopoldstadt have a large selection of cool bars.

Three recommendations in Vienna for families

1. Haus des Meeres – An impressive aquarium in a former flak tower.
2. Tiergarten Schönbrunn – The oldest zoo in the world with a variety of exotic animals.
3. Technisches Museum Wien – Exciting interactive exhibitions for young and old.

Three hotel recommendations in Vienna

TIP: If you're looking for a unique experience, you can stay at Palais Coburg – a real castle in the heart of the city!

Public Transportation in Vienna

Subway, trams, buses, and S-Bahn are well connected, allowing for quick movement around the city.

The main modes of transportation:

• Subway – 5 lines (U1–U6), offering a fast connection across the city.
• Trams (Bim) – A dense network with over 30 lines, ideal for shorter distances.
• Buses – Complement the network, especially in the outer districts.
• S-Bahn – Connects Vienna with the surrounding area and the airport.
• Bicycles & E-Scooters – City bikes and E-scooters are available for rent at many locations.

TIP: The "Wiener Linien" offers affordable options for visitors with the 24-hour, 48-hour, or weekly ticket. Especially convenient: The subway runs all night on weekends and before holidays!

When is the best time to visit Vienna?

The city has its charm all year round, but depending on interests, there are better and worse times to travel.

Spring in Vienna – Perfect for culture and nature lovers

The months April to June are ideal for exploring the city. The parks bloom, the weather is pleasantly mild, and there are numerous outdoor events.

Winter in Vienna – A fairytale atmosphere

From November to February, the city transforms into a winter wonderland with beautiful Christmas markets, ice skating rinks, and cozy coffeehouses.

How do I get to Vienna best?

By plane

The Vienna International Airport (VIE) is located about 18 km from the city center. From the airport, you can reach Vienna Mitte railway station in just 16 minutes by the City Airport Train (CAT).

By train

Vienna is excellently connected to the international railway network. From the Main Train Station, there are connections to Germany, Hungary, Italy, and Switzerland.

By car

Vienna is easily accessible via the A1 (West Motorway) and A2 (South Motorway). However, parking spaces in the city center are expensive, so a hotel with an underground garage is advisable.

TIP: Public transportation within the city is unbeatable – the Vienna subway network is fast, reliable, and affordable!