Food: Between Green Recreational Areas and Industry
Here's what to expect in Essen.
- Industrial culture up close: The Zollverein coal mine, UNESCO World Heritage site, allows you to dive into the history of the Ruhr area.
- Green parks and gardens: From Baldeneysee to Grugapark, Essen offers impressive recreational spaces.
- Cultural diversity: Theater, museums, and events – art and culture lovers will find plenty to enjoy in Essen.
- Vibrant districts: Each neighborhood has its own character, from the hip Rüttenscheid to the historic Kettwig.
- Culinary discoveries: From currywurst to fine dining – Essen is a culinary paradise for every taste.
Exciting numbers and facts about food
- Population: About 590,000 people live in Essen, making it the fourth largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia.
- Area: Essen covers an area of 210 km² – one of the largest cities in terms of area in the state.
- Foundation: The origins of the city date back to 845 with the founding of the Essen women's convent.
- Zeche Zollverein: It was once the largest coal mine in the world and is now a UNESCO World Heritage site.
- Baldeneysee: At 2.7 km², it is the largest of the six reservoirs on the Ruhr River and a popular recreational paradise.
- Forest Areas: About 12% of the city area consists of forest – Essen is considered one of the greenest cities in Germany.
- Duisburg-Essen University: One of the largest universities in Germany with around 40,000 students.
- Former Cultural Capital: Essen held the title of "European Capital of Culture" in 2010 as part of the Ruhr area.
- Theater and Stages: There are over 20 theaters in the city, including the renowned Aalto Theater.
- RWE Tower: At 127 meters, it is the tallest building in Essen.
- Villa Hügel: The former residence of the industrial family Krupp includes 269 rooms and is surrounded by a vast park.
- Energy Industry: Essen is home to major energy companies like RWE and E.ON.
- Ruhr Area: Essen is located in the center of the Ruhr metropolitan region, which comprises around 5 million people.
- The Gruga: The Grugapark, one of the largest parks in Germany, was opened in 1929.
The History of Essen: Once a Monastic Village, Now an Industrial Metropolis
Essen was established in 845 with the founding of a women's convent. This monastery shaped the city for centuries, both culturally and economically. In the Middle Ages, Essen developed into a center for craftsmanship and metal processing - a foreshadowing of the city's industrial future.
The Industrialization: Coal and Steel
In the 19th century, Essen became the heart of industrialization in Germany. The Krupp dynasty made the city world-famous and laid the foundation for Essen's development into a metropolis of steel and coal. The Zollverein mine and many other coal mines characterized the city's landscape and the way of life of its people.
The Transformation into a Cultural City
With the decline of the coal and steel industry in the 1980s, Essen began to reinvent itself. The transformation of former industrial sites into cultural and recreational venues, such as the Zollverein mine, was a key step. In 2010, Essen was named a European Capital of Culture as part of the Ruhr area - a milestone for the region.
Districts of Essen: Diversity over 210 square kilometers
Essen is divided into 50 districts, which are spread across nine boroughs. Each borough has its own character and offers very special highlights.
| Borough | Districts | Famous For? |
|---|---|---|
| I – City Center/Frillendorf | City Core, East Quarter | Shopping streets, historic market church |
| II – Rüttenscheid/Bergerhausen | Rüttenscheid, Bergerhausen | Trendy district, Grugapark, vibrant gastronomy |
| III – West | Altendorf, Frohnhausen | Multicultural, colorful weekly markets |
| IV – Borbeck | Borbeck-Center, Bergeborbeck | Borbeck Castle, quiet residential areas |
| VII – Steele/Kray | Steele, Kray | Historic town center in Steele, popular weekly markets |
| VIII – Ruhr Peninsula | Überruhr, Burgaltendorf | Rural idyll, hiking trails along the Ruhr |
| IX – Werden/Kettwig | Kettwig, Werden | Historic old towns, Baldeneysee, charming cafés |
Essen showcases its versatility in every district – from the bustling streets of Rüttenscheid to the picturesque idyll in Kettwig.
The most significant landmarks in Essen: What should you not miss?
Essen is known for its industrial culture, but the city offers much more than that. From historical sites to modern highlights – these landmarks belong on every to-do list:
- Zollverein Coal Mine: The "most beautiful coal mine in the world" and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Villa Hügel: The impressive estate of the Krupp family, with a history that dates back to the 19th century.
- Grugapark: A green oasis in the middle of the city and one of the most beautiful parks in Germany.
- Essen Light Weeks: The city center shines with colorful lights – an annual highlight in autumn and winter.
- Old Synagogue: An impressive building that now serves as a center for Jewish culture.
Zollverein Coal Mine: A Symbol of Industrial Culture
The Zollverein Coal Mine, often referred to as the "Eiffel Tower of the Ruhr Area," was once the largest hard coal mine in the world. Today, it houses museums, exhibitions, and event spaces. Particularly worth seeing is the Ruhr Museum, which tells the story of the Ruhr area from early times to the present. The architecture is also impressive: The headframes and the coal washing tower are icons of modern industrial architecture.
Villa Hügel: An Insight into the World of the Krupp Family
Villa Hügel, the former residence of the industrialist Krupp family, is an imposing estate with 269 rooms. Surrounded by a vast park, the villa provides insights into the history of German industry and the life of one of the most powerful families of the 19th and 20th centuries.
Route to the Landmarks: Your Perfect Day Plan
To experience the highlights of Essen in one day, try this route:
- Start: Begin your day at the Zollverein Coal Mine. Allow at least three hours to explore the grounds and the Ruhr Museum.
- Lunch: Go on to Villa Hügel and enjoy a picnic in the expansive park.
- Afternoon: Stroll through Grugapark and explore the themed gardens and playgrounds.
- Evening: End the day with a visit to the Old Synagogue and dinner in the lively Rüttenscheid district.
Tip: Buy a combination ticket for the Zollverein Coal Mine and the Ruhr Museum to save money!
Rivers, Lakes, and Water Bodies in Essen: Natural Paradises in the Ruhr Area
Essen is a surprisingly green city shaped by impressive water bodies. Whether for walks, water sports, or simply relaxing – the lakes and rivers are popular excursion destinations.
| Name | Length/Area | Special Feature |
|---|---|---|
| Baldeneysee | 2.7 km² | Largest reservoir in the Ruhr area, popular for sailing and cycling |
| Ruhr | 219 km (total) | Life artery of the Ruhr area, flows through Essen for 22 km |
| Kemnader See | 1.25 km² | Perfect for water sports, located between Essen and Bochum |
| Heisinger Bogen | Nature reserve | Home to rare bird species and a paradise for hikers |
The Baldeneysee is the center for recreational activities in Essen. Whether you're sailing, exploring the shoreline bike paths, or simply relaxing by the water – there’s something for everyone here.
Economy, Education, and Population in Essen
Essen has transformed from an industrial city into a modern center for services, education, and technology. Nevertheless, the city remains closely connected to its history.
Population Statistics: Who Lives in Essen?
Essen is a melting pot of cultures and age groups. Here are some facts about the population:
- Population: Approximately 590,000 people live in Essen.
- Age Structure: The average age is 44 years.
- Migration Background: About 25% of the population have foreign roots - the largest groups come from Turkey, Poland, and Syria.
- Population Density: With about 2,800 inhabitants per square kilometer, Essen is one of the most densely populated cities in North Rhine-Westphalia.
The Key Industries in Essen
The economy of Essen has diversified significantly. Here are the main sectors:
- Energy Sector: Essen is home to large companies such as RWE, E.ON, and STEAG.
- Healthcare: The University Hospital Essen and numerous research centers shape this sector.
- Creative Economy: Numerous startups and agencies in design, film, and communication have established themselves here.
- Service Sector: Banks, insurance companies, and consulting firms play a large role.
- Education: With the University of Duisburg-Essen and other institutions of higher learning, the city is an important educational hub.
Economic Overview
With a gross domestic product of around 22 billion euros, Essen ranks among the economically strongest cities in the Ruhr area. The transformation from an industrial to a service-oriented city is often seen as a model for other regions.
Experience Essen: Events, Excursion Destinations, and Insider Tips
Essen is a city that captivates not only with its history but also with its vibrant cultural scene and diverse leisure activities. Whether you're looking for exciting events, unforgettable excursion destinations, or just helpful tips for your visit – you will find what you need here.
Events, Activities, and More: What's Happening in Essen?
Essen offers a colorful program of events throughout the year, appealing to both culture and leisure enthusiasts. From traditional festivals to modern events, there's something for everyone.
The Most Important Events in Essen
| Event | Timeframe | Info | Admission |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parkleuchten in Grugapark | February/March | Fascinating light installations in a dreamy setting | From €6 |
| Extraschicht | June | Night of industrial culture throughout the Ruhr area | From €12 |
| Essen Original | June/July | City festival with live music, gastronomy, and stage programs | Free |
| Late Summer by the Lake | August/September | Festival at Baldeneysee with live music and food trucks | Free |
| Essen Christmas Market | November/December | One of the largest and most atmospheric markets in Germany | Free |
Tip: The “Extraschicht” is a must for anyone who wants to experience the industrial culture of the Ruhr area up close. There's a lot to see, especially at Zollverein!
Our Recommendations for Your Visit to Essen
Essen is diverse and offers something for every taste. Whether you're looking for history, nature, or entertainment – these tips will help you make the most of your visit.
Five Excursion Destinations in Essen
- Zollverein Coal Mine: Of course, the former coal mine is a must-visit. The UNESCO World Heritage site is an impressive example of the transformation of the Ruhr area. In addition to the Ruhr Museum, a visit to the Red Dot Design Museum is also worthwhile.
- Baldeneysee: Take a boat ride, stroll along the shore, or explore the lake by bicycle. Particularly idyllic is Haus Scheppen, a popular spot for cyclists.
- Grugapark: The expansive park invites relaxed walks, picnics, or a visit to the botanical garden. Children love the petting zoo and the playgrounds.
- Kettwig: The historic district on the edge of Essen impresses with half-timbered houses, narrow streets, and proximity to the Ruhr – perfect for a relaxing afternoon.
- Villa Hügel and Hügelpark: The former estate of the Krupp family is a place of history and culture. The park offers tranquility and a wonderful view of Baldeneysee.
Three Recommendations for Couples
- Sundowner at Baldeneysee: Spend a romantic evening watching the sunset over the lake. A glass of wine at the “Seaside Beach” restaurant makes the moment perfect.
- Wellness at Grugapark Thermal Spa: Relax in the historic thermal baths in the midst of nature. The combination of nature and relaxation is unique.
- Dinner in Rüttenscheid: The restaurant scene in Rüttenscheid offers everything from gourmet cuisine to cozy wine bars. Perfect for a romantic dinner.
Three Recommendations for Singles
- Nightlife in Rüttenscheid: Bars like “Die Schöne Aussicht” or “Plan B” provide great opportunities to meet people and enjoy the nightlife.
- Sports at Baldeneysee: From stand-up paddling to running groups – there are many opportunities to be active by the lake and meet like-minded individuals.
- Museums at Zollverein: Visit the Red Dot Design Museum or take part in a guided tour. Both locations often attract creative and curious people.
Three Recommendations for Families
- Grugapark: Children can have fun at playgrounds, visit the petting zoo, or enjoy a ride on the park railway.
- Aquarius Water Museum: Interactive exhibitions make the topic of water exciting for children. The museum is housed in an old water tower – a real experience!
- Children's Tours at Zollverein: Special tours for children make the history of the coal mine accessible in a playful way.
Three Hotel Recommendations in Essen
- ATLANTIC Congress Hotel Essen (4 stars): Located right next to the Essen fair and Grugapark, this modern hotel offers top-notch service and a rooftop terrace with a great view.
- Mintrops Stadt Hotel Margarethenhöhe (4 stars): A boutique hotel in one of the most beautiful neighborhoods of Essen. The historic settlement of Margarethenhöhe invites you to stroll.
- GHOTEL hotel & living Essen (3 stars): Centrally located and ideal for city travelers who value comfort and modern design.
Important information for your dining visit
Before you explore Essen, there are a few things to keep in mind to make your stay relaxed and smooth.
How to get to Essen
- By train: Essen is an important hub in the Ruhr area. The main train station is excellently connected by ICE, IC, and regional trains.
- By car: The highways A40, A42, and A52 pass directly through Essen. However, note that the city center is an environmental zone – a green badge is required.
- By plane: Düsseldorf Airport is only about 30 minutes away and easily accessible by train or car.
No-Gos in Essen
- Going to Zeche Zollverein unprepared: Many areas are only accessible with guided tours, so booking in advance is worthwhile.
- Driving into the city center during peak hours: Particularly the rush hour on the A40 – also known as the "Ruhrschnellweg" – can be nerve-wracking.
- Forgetting cash: Although card payments are possible in many stores, you should always carry some cash for smaller shops and weekly markets.
