• Historical buildings and magnificent mosques – From the Hagia Sophia to the Topkapi Palace, there are countless architectural masterpieces.
• Culinary highlights on every plate – Kebabs, meze, baklava, and fresh fish from the Bosporus – Istanbul is a paradise for gourmets.
• Shopping between tradition and modernity – Whether in the historic Grand Bazaar or in the chic boutiques of Nişantaşı, there is everything here.
• Breathtaking panoramas – From the rooftops in Beyoğlu or the hills of Üsküdar, you get an unparalleled view of the city.
• A bridge between two worlds – The mix of European elegance and oriental mystique makes Istanbul unique.

• Population: Approximately 16 million – making it the most populous city in Europe.
• Area: 5,343 km² – almost eight times larger than Berlin.
• Foundation: Around 660 BC as Byzantion.
• Former names: Byzantion, Constantinople, Stamboul – Istanbul received its current name only in 1930.
• Location: On two continents – Europe and Asia – separated by the Bosphorus.
• Highest point: Çamlıca Hill (268 m), one of the best viewpoints in the city.
• UNESCO World Heritage: The old city with landmarks such as the Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque.
• Bosphorus bridges: Two gigantic bridges connect the European and Asian parts of the city.
• The Grand Bazaar: One of the oldest and largest covered markets in the world with more than 4,000 shops.
• Ferries as main mode of transport: Hundreds of thousands commute daily by boat between Europe and Asia.
• Film city: Istanbul has served as a backdrop for numerous films, including James Bond (Skyfall).
• Tulip city: The tulip originally comes from Turkey, not the Netherlands!
• Istanbul is older than Rome: The city was founded in 660 BC, Rome only in 753 BC.
• Subway with history: The Tünel is the second oldest subway in the world (after London) and opened in 1875.
• The only airport in the world on two continents: The new Istanbul Airport has a runway in both Europe and Asia.

The origins of Istanbul date back to the 7th century BC, when Greek settlers founded the city under the name Byzantion. Its location at the Bosporus Strait made it an important trade center between Europe and Asia.

In 330 AD, the city was declared the new capital of the Roman Empire and renamed Constantinople – after Emperor Constantine the Great. With magnificent palaces, churches, and a sophisticated water supply system, Constantinople became the most powerful city in the world.

The Ottoman Era – Istanbul Becomes a World Metropolis

In 1453, Constantinople was conquered by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II and made the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. The city was given its present name Istanbul, and with its grand mosques, bazaars, and bridges, it grew to become the most significant metropolis in the East.

Under Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent (16th century), Istanbul experienced its golden era. Many of today's landmarks, including the Suleymaniye Mosque, date back to this time.

From Capital to Modern Metropolis

With the end of the Ottoman Empire in 1923, Istanbul lost its status as the capital to Ankara. Nevertheless, it remained the economic, cultural, and tourist center of Turkey. Today, it is a vibrant world city where East and West, old and new, blend in a unique mix.

The city is divided into 39 districts, some of which are particularly worth seeing.

TIP: If you want to experience real Istanbul, you must definitely visit Kadıköy - there are no tourist crowds, but the best cafés and restaurants in the city!

Istanbul spans across two continents and is located on the Bosporus, which forms the boundary between Europe and Asia. The city borders Thracia (European Turkey) to the west and Anatolia (Asian Turkey) to the east.

TIP: A boat trip on the Bosporus offers stunning views of Istanbul's skyline from both sides of the city!

The city on the Bosporus is full of impressive buildings that reflect its millennia-old history. Whether Ottoman palaces, Byzantine churches, or modern architecture – Istanbul offers an unparalleled mix of different eras and styles.

These landmarks are highlights of the city:

• Hagia Sophia – Once a church, then a mosque, later a museum, and today again a mosque – a masterpiece of architecture.
• Blue Mosque – One of the most beautiful mosques in the world with six minarets and blue tiles.
• Topkapi Palace – The former residence of the Ottoman sultans with a breathtaking view of the Bosporus.
• Basilica Cistern – A mysterious underground water reservoir from Byzantine times.
• Galata Tower – One of the best viewpoints over the city, especially at sunset.
• Dolmabahçe Palace – The Ottoman Versailles with opulent chandeliers and marble columns.
• Grand Bazaar – One of the oldest and largest covered shopping centers in the world with more than 4,000 shops.
• Egyptian Bazaar (Spice Bazaar) – A paradise for spices, tea, and traditional sweets.
• Bosphorus Bridges – The iconic bridges that connect Europe and Asia.
• Çamlıca Tower – The tallest structure in Turkey with a spectacular view of Istanbul.

What makes the Hagia Sophia so special?

The Hagia Sophia is one of the most famous buildings in the world. Originally built in the 6th century as a church, it was the largest house of worship of Christianity for almost 1,000 years. After the Ottoman conquest in 1453, it was converted into a mosque, then became a museum in 1935, and was finally declared a mosque again in 2020.

Highlights in the Hagia Sophia:

• The huge dome with a diameter of 31 meters – a masterpiece of Byzantine architecture.
• Islamic and Christian art side by side – Arabic calligraphy and ancient mosaics create a unique atmosphere.
• The “sweating column” – A legend says that touching this column has healing powers.

TIP: Since it is currently a mosque, you should wear appropriate clothing – shoulders and knees must be covered.

How can you explore Istanbul optimally in one day?

If you have little time, you can experience the most important sights with this route:

1. Start your day in Sultanahmet and visit the Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque.
2. Continue to Topkapi Palace and enjoy the view of the Bosporus.
3. Take a lunch break at the Egyptian Bazaar and try Turkish coffee and baklava.
4. Cross the Galata Bridge on foot and watch the fishermen on the bridge.
5. Visit the Galata Tower for a stunning view of the city.
6. End your day in Karaköy or Kadıköy with dinner right by the water.

TIP: A boat trip on the Bosporus is the perfect way to experience Istanbul from a new perspective!

Istanbul is not only the largest city in Turkey but also its economic, cultural, and scientific center. With over 16 million inhabitants, the metropolis is growing rapidly – tens of thousands of people are drawn here annually from other parts of Turkey and abroad. This growth brings both opportunities and challenges.

A Young and Dynamic Population

The average age in Istanbul is around 30 years, making the city one of the youngest major cities in Europe. Particularly in districts such as Kadıköy, Beyoğlu, or Beşiktaş, one encounters a young, creative scene that shapes the cityscape with art, fashion, and new business ideas.

At the same time, there is a large number of migrant workers from Anatolia who are employed in traditional crafts or in construction. This mix creates a fascinating connection between modern Western influences and deeply rooted Turkish traditions.

Education and Science – A City of Universities

With over 50 universities, Istanbul is the most important educational center in Turkey. Among the most renowned institutions are:

• Boğaziçi University, known for its outstanding programs in natural and social sciences.
• Istanbul Technical University (İTÜ), one of the oldest technical universities in the world.
• University of Istanbul, the oldest university in Turkey with an impressive campus in the old town.

Moreover, the city is increasingly attracting international students who study here in English or Turkish. Particularly the neighborhood of Beşiktaş is considered a hub of student life, with numerous libraries, cafes, and bars.

Economic Center of Turkey

As the country's most important economic metropolis, Istanbul contributes around 40% to Turkey's total economic output. The city houses the largest banks, media companies, and industrial firms in the country.

Particularly strong economic sectors include:

• Financial and Banking Sector: Many international companies are based in Istanbul.
• Tourism: Over 15 million tourists visit the city annually – with a growing trend.
• Textile and Fashion Industry: Istanbul is an important production site for international fashion brands.
• Technology and Start-ups: Particularly in the neighborhoods of Maslak and Levent, more and more innovative companies are emerging.
• Trade and Shipping: Due to its strategic location on the Bosporus, Istanbul has been a significant trading center for centuries.

However, the city also faces challenges: the cost of living has risen sharply, and traffic congestion and air pollution are growing issues. Nevertheless, Istanbul remains one of the most exciting metropolises for entrepreneurs, artists, and students from around the world.

The Turkish metropolis offers a wealth of events throughout the year – from traditional celebrations to modern festivals. Whether it’s music, culture, sports, or culinary highlights – Istanbul has something for everyone.

The main events in Istanbul at a glance

• Tulip Festival (Lale Festivali) – In April, the whole city blooms in a sea of colors with millions of tulips.
• Istanbul Music Festival – Classical concerts featuring international artists at impressive venues.
• Istanbul Film Festival – The oldest and most prestigious film festival in Turkey.
• Bosporus Marathon – The only marathon in the world that connects two continents.
• Istanbul Biennale – One of the most significant art exhibitions worldwide.
• Shopping Festival – In June, there are huge discounts in the city's shopping streets and malls.
• Ramadan & Eid Festival – Religious celebrations with unique traditions and street festivals.
• Mevlana Festival in Konya (easily accessible from Istanbul) – Spectacular dance rituals of the Whirling Dervishes.

The biggest events in Istanbul at a glance

TIP: The Tulip Festival is one of the most beautiful natural events in the city – the floral splendor in Emirgan Park is particularly impressive!

Whether culture, adventure, or relaxation – Istanbul offers countless possibilities for every type of traveler.

Five Exciting Destinations in Istanbul

1. Princes' Islands – Car-free islands in the Sea of Marmara, perfect for cycling tours and relaxing strolls.
2. Pierre Loti Café – A stunning view of the Golden Horn while enjoying a traditional Turkish tea.
3. Miniatürk – The entire wealth of Turkey in miniature form, perfect for families.
4. Rahmi M. Koç Museum – An exciting technology museum with historical trains, planes, and boats.
5. Belgrade Forest – A green paradise on the outskirts, ideal for hiking and picnics.

Three Recommendations in Istanbul for Couples

1. Sunset on a Bosphorus Ferry – A romantic view of the illuminated skyline.
2. Dinner at a Rooftop Restaurant – Perfect for an evening overlooking Hagia Sophia and the Bosphorus.
3. Stroll through the Streets of Balat – The colorful neighborhood is ideal for cozy hours together.

Three Recommendations in Istanbul for Singles

1. Street Food Tour in Kadıköy – Perfect for sampling the best Turkish specialties.
2. Pub Crawl in Beyoğlu – Bars, clubs, and live music in Istanbul's best nightlife district.
3. Art and Culture in the Museum District of Karaköy – Galleries, street art, and alternative markets.

Three Recommendations in Istanbul for Families

1. Istanbul Aquarium – One of the largest and most modern aquariums in Europe.
2. Vialand (Isfanbul) – A huge amusement park with rides and shows.
3. Boat Trip on the Bosphorus – Perfect for kids to experience the city from the water.

Three Hotel Recommendations in Istanbul

TIP: If you like it particularly luxurious, you should spend a night at the Çırağan Palace – where the Ottoman sultans once stayed!

The months of April to June and September to November are ideal for exploring the city. The weather is pleasantly mild, the parks are in bloom, and there are fewer tourists than in the high summer.

TIP: A stroll through Gülhane Park in spring, when the tulips are in bloom, is particularly lovely.

From June to August, it can get very hot, often over 30 degrees. Nevertheless, summer is perfect for beach trips to the Black Sea coast or a Bosphorus cruise at sunset.

TIP: If it gets too hot, the many historical cisterns offer a cool escape from the heat.

What behavior rules apply in Istanbul?

• Clothing in Mosques: Shoulders and knees should be covered, and women need a headscarf. Shoes should be removed before entering.
• Respectful interaction: Handshaking is common, but intense affection in public should be avoided. Hospitality is important – do not refuse an invitation for tea or a meal.
• Safety & scams: Use official taxis (e.g. via an app), check your change, and do not accept dubious “club invitations.”
• Religious and political topics: Discretion is advisable; avoid heated discussions. During Ramadan, it's considerate to be mindful of eating in public.
• Photography: Do not photograph military buildings, and ask for permission in mosques and markets beforehand.

What should you pay attention to as a tourist in Istanbul?

Istanbul is a safe city, but as in any metropolis, there are a few things to watch out for:

• Taxis & scams: Use official taxis (yellow with a meter) or apps like “BiTaksi.” Avoid taking taxis directly in front of tourist hotspots, as they often charge inflated prices.
• Picketpockets: In crowded areas like the Grand Bazaar, Istiklal Street, or public transport, be mindful of your valuables.
• Club & bar scams: Strangers inviting you to a “ secret” bar or exclusive club are often part of a scam – the bill can be intentionally inflated.
• Change trick: When paying with large bills, ensure you receive the correct change. Some sellers discreetly switch large bills for smaller ones and claim you gave less.
• Fake products: Markets and bazaars often offer counterfeit brand products. Be cautious if someone offers you “real” designer goods at bargain prices.
• Begging children: Some children are forced to beg by organized groups. It's better to support legitimate charities instead.
• Traffic & street crossings: Drivers do not always yield to pedestrian crossings – so be particularly careful when crossing the streets.

How to get to Istanbul the best way?

By plane

The Istanbul Airport (IST) is one of the largest in the world and is about 40 km from the city center. Alternatively, there is the Sabiha Gökçen Airport (SAW) on the Asian side.

By train

There are direct train connections from Bulgaria and Romania to Istanbul. The famous Orient Express used to run this route.

By car or bus

Many international bus lines connect Istanbul with cities in Europe and Asia. If traveling by car, pay attention to the heavy traffic in the center.

TIP: Within the city, public transportation is unbeatable – especially the ferries provide a relaxed alternative to traffic jams.