Rome Profile ⬇ History, Facts & Attractions

"All roads lead to Rome" – this old proverb shows the significance of the Italian capital for centuries. Rome is a living museum, a city where history, art, and modern life converge. The vibrant metropolis offers you an unparalleled mix of ancient ruins, baroque architecture, lively squares, and top-notch Italian cuisine. Whether you're wandering through the narrow streets of Trastevere, standing before the Colosseum, or enjoying an espresso at Piazza Navona – Rome enchants everyone.

• Ancient Monuments: From the Colosseum to the Roman Forum – history comes alive here.
• Churches and Basilicas: Rome has over 900 churches, including the impressive St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican.
• Plazas and Fountains: Piazza Navona and the Trevi Fountain are among the most beautiful places in the city.
• Italian Cuisine: Pizza, pasta, gelato, and espresso – Rome is a paradise for food lovers.
• Vibrant Neighborhoods: From the hip Testaccio to the romantic Trastevere – each neighborhood has its own charm.

• Population: About 2.8 million people live in Rome.
• Area: With 1,285 km², Rome is the largest city in Italy.
• Foundation: According to legend, Rome was founded in 753 BC by Romulus.
• The Vatican: Rome is the only city in the world that hosts an independent state – the Vatican.
• Fountains: With over 1,500 fountains, Rome has more than any other city in the world.
• Colosseum: The largest ancient amphitheater in the world once accommodated up to 50,000 spectators.
• The Seven Hills: Rome was built on seven hills, including Palatine and Aventine.
• Catacombs: Beneath Rome lies a network of catacombs that stretches over 300 kilometers.
• Obelisks: Rome has 13 ancient obelisks, more than any other city.
• The Oldest Road: The Via Appia, also known as the "Queen of Roads," was built in 312 BC.
• Tourism: Rome attracts over 10 million tourists each year.
• Italy's Capital: Since 1871, Rome has been the capital of the country.
• Lots of Sun: Rome averages 2,500 hours of sunshine per year.

According to legend, Rome was founded by the twins Romulus and Remus, who were raised by a she-wolf. Historically, the story of Rome began as a small village along the Tiber River. However, with the establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 BC, the rise to world power began. Rome became the center of an empire that stretched across three continents, producing landmarks such as the Colosseum, the Via Appia, and the Pantheon.

The Middle Ages: Papacy and Power Struggles

After the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD, Rome entered a turbulent period. However, the papacy turned the city into a religious center that attracted pilgrims from around the world. Many of the famous churches and palaces were built during this era.

Renaissance and Baroque: The Flourishing of Rome

In the 15th and 16th centuries, Rome experienced a peak in cultural and artistic achievements. Artists such as Michelangelo and Raphael left their marks on structures like St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel. The Trevi Fountain and many piazzas also emerged during this time.

Rome is a city of contrasts, and its neighborhoods reflect that. Each neighborhood has its own atmosphere – from ancient to modern, from historic to trendy.

District/Name	Neighborhoods	Known For?
Centro Storico	Pantheon Piazza Navona	ancient ruins baroque squares vibrant center
Trastevere	–	romantic streets trendy bars and cafés
Testaccio	–	traditional cuisine modern nightlife
Vatican City	–	St. Peter's Basilica Sistine Chapel Vatican Museums
Aventine	–	quiet parks, orange garden, keyhole view
Monti	–	artist neighborhood with boutiques and wine bars
Esquilino	–	multicultural atmosphere market at Piazza Vittorio
Parioli	–	elegant neighborhood with villas and green parks

Each of these neighborhoods has its own charm. While you enjoy the romantic flair of the city in Trastevere, Monti offers a hip alternative with plenty of art and culture.

Rome is a synonym for history and culture. The city attracts visitors with iconic buildings, romantic squares, and fascinating stories from the past. In the second part, we take a closer look at the most famous landmarks, the Tiber, and the economy of Rome.

The Famous Landmarks of Rome: What You Must Not Miss?

Rome is one of those cities where every corner tells a story. Some places are so iconic that they are known worldwide. These landmarks are among the absolute highlights:

• Colosseum: The largest amphitheater of antiquity and a symbol of the Roman Empire.
• Roman Forum: The political and religious center of ancient Rome.
• Pantheon: An architectural wonder with the largest unreinforced dome in the world.
• St. Peter's Basilica: The largest basilica in the world and the centerpiece of Vatican City.
• Trevi Fountain: One of Rome's most romantic sights, where visitors toss coins to secure their return.

Colosseum: Where History Comes Alive

The Colosseum, also known as the Amphitheatrum Flavium, opened in AD 80 and served as a venue for gladiatorial contests and wild animal hunts. With a capacity of up to 50,000 spectators, it was an impressive symbol of the power of the Roman Empire. Today, it is one of the most visited monuments in Italy and a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Pantheon: A Wonder of Architecture

The Pantheon was originally built as a temple for all the gods and is still one of the best-preserved buildings of antiquity. The dome, which stands without any reinforcements and features a circular opening in the center called the “Oculus,” is particularly impressive.

St. Peter's Basilica: A Masterpiece of the Renaissance

St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican is not only a religious center but also an architectural masterpiece. Michelangelo designed the famous dome, which you can climb to enjoy an unforgettable view over Rome.

Route to the Landmarks: A Perfect Day Plan

To experience the main sights in one day, you can follow this route:

1. Start: Begin at the Colosseum and explore the Roman Forum, which is right next to it.
2. Pantheon: Stroll through the Centro Storico and visit the impressive Pantheon.
3. Piazza Navona: Make a brief stop at this baroque square to enjoy the atmosphere.
4. Trevi Fountain: Toss a coin into the fountain and treat yourself to a gelato nearby.
5. Evening: End the day with a visit to St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican at sunset.

Tip: Purchase tickets for the Colosseum and St. Peter's Basilica online in advance to avoid long lines.

Rivers and Bodies of Water in Rome: The Tiber and Its Significance

The Tiber (Tevere in Italian) meanders through Central Italy for 405 kilometers, of which about 20 kilometers flow through Rome. Although it is used less today, the Tiber was crucial for the development of the city in ancient times.

Name	Length/Area	Particularity
Tiber (Tevere)	405 km	Life source of Rome, surrounded by impressive bridges
Tiber Island	270 m long	The only island in the Tiber with a millennia-old history
Trevi Fountain	No natural spring	Symbol of prosperity and one of the most famous waterworks in the world
Lago di Albano	6 km south of Rome	Volcanic lake, ideal for excursions outside the city

Tiber Island, the small island in the Tiber, is a special place. There was already a sanctuary there in ancient times, and to this day the island, with its church and hospital, symbolizes protection and healing.

---

Rome is not only a cultural center, but also an important location for business, politics, and education in Italy. The city combines its historical significance with that of a modern metropolis.

Population Statistics: Who Lives in Rome?

Rome is the most populous city in Italy and reflects the country's diversity. Here’s a look at the population:

• Population: 2.8 million in the city, approximately 4.3 million in the metropolitan area.
• Age Structure: The average age is 45 years.
• Population Density: About 2,200 people per km².
• Migration Background: Around 12% of Rome's residents have foreign roots – including many from Romania, the Philippines, and Bangladesh.

The Key Industries in Rome

Rome has a diverse economy, ranging from traditional sectors to modern industries. These sectors are particularly important:

• Tourism: With over 10 million tourists annually, tourism is one of the most significant economic sectors.
• Film and Media: Rome is the center of the Italian film industry – Cinecittà is a famous film studio.
• Services: Banks, insurance companies, and public administration dominate the economy.
• Fashion: Although Milan is the fashion capital of Italy, Rome holds significant importance with its boutiques and designers.
• Education: Universities like "La Sapienza" attract students from all around the world.

Economic Overview

Rome contributes about 9% to Italy's gross domestic product, making it one of the strongest economic regions in the country. In addition to the aforementioned industries, start-ups and green technologies are also gaining increasing importance.

Rome is not only a city full of history but also a place of life and celebration. Whether it's culinary experiences, cultural events, or hidden corners waiting to be discovered, the Eternal City has something to offer everyone. In the third part, we will reveal which events you shouldn't miss, which places are worth visiting, and how to make the most of your trip to Rome.

Events, Activities, and More: What's Happening in Rome?

Rome hosts numerous events throughout the year that excite both locals and visitors. Here, tradition and modernity come together—from religious celebrations to international film festivals.

Important Events in Rome

Event	Time Period	Info	Admission
Carnival in Rome	February/March	Colorful parades, masquerade balls, and historical costumes	Free
Easter in the Vatican	March/April	Papal mass in St. Peter's Square—a highlight for believers	Free
Estate Romana	June to September	Summer festival with open-air concerts, movie nights, and events	Variable
Rome Film Fest	October	International film festival featuring premieres and star appearances	From €10
Christmas Time in Rome	December	Lights, nativity scenes, and markets—especially atmospheric at Piazza Navona	Free

Tip: The papal mass at Easter attracts thousands each year. Early registration and patience are key!

Rome offers an incredible variety of sights, excursion destinations, and special moments – ideal for couples, families, or solo travelers.

Five Excursion Destinations in Rome

1. Via Appia Antica: The "Queen of Roads" takes you through history. This ancient road invites you to relax with leisurely walks or bike rides past catacombs and Roman ruins.
2. Castel Sant'Angelo: The Castle of the Angels connects ancient Rome with the Renaissance. From the rooftop terrace, you have a fantastic view of the city and the Tiber River.
3. Gianicolo Hill: A peaceful place away from the hustle and bustle, offering a magnificent view of the rooftops of Rome. Perfect for an afternoon stroll.
4. Villa Borghese: This park is the green lung of the city, providing tranquility along with the famous Galleria Borghese, featuring masterpieces by Caravaggio and Bernini.
5. Campo de' Fiori: A bustling market during the day, it transforms into a meeting point for locals in the evening. Here, you can experience the vibrant atmosphere of Rome up close.

Three Recommendations for Couples

1. Boat Ride on the Tiber at Sunset: A romantic tour on the river where you can admire the lights of Rome. Ideal for special moments together.
2. Stroll Through Trastevere: This charming neighborhood offers winding streets, quiet spots, and authentic restaurants – pure romance.
3. Dinner with a View: At the restaurant "Aroma" with a view of the Colosseum, dinner becomes an unforgettable experience.

Three Recommendations for Singles

1. Bar-Hopping in Monti: This trendy neighborhood is known for its wine bars and creative cocktails – the perfect place to meet new people.
2. Street Art Tour: Discover Rome's alternative side – especially the districts of Ostiense and Tor Marancia are famous for their impressive murals.
3. Eat Like the Romans: Take a cooking class and learn how to prepare Pasta alla Carbonara or Roman Cacio e Pepe.

Three Recommendations for Families

1. Explora – The Children's Museum: An interactive museum specifically designed for children. Here, they can learn, play, and be creative.
2. Circus Maximus: This historical site offers plenty of space to run around and play – perfect for a family outing.
3. Pizza Workshop: Bake pizza together and discover the secrets of Italian cuisine – fun for the whole family.

Three Hotel Recommendations in Rome

1. Hotel de Russie (5 stars): A luxurious hotel with a beautiful garden, ideally located between Piazza del Popolo and the Spanish Steps.
2. Nerva Boutique Hotel (4 stars): Stylish, central, and just minutes away from the Roman Forum – perfect for couples.
3. Hotel Santa Maria (3 stars): Located in a quiet corner of Trastevere, with a charming courtyard and relaxed atmosphere.

To ensure your stay in Rome goes smoothly, there are a few things you should keep in mind.

How to get to Rome

• By plane: The airports Fiumicino (Leonardo da Vinci) and Ciampino are both located near the city and are well connected. From Fiumicino, the Leonardo Express takes you to Termini station in 30 minutes.
• By train: You can quickly reach Rome from other Italian cities with the high-speed train (Frecciarossa).
• By car: Rome's city center is restricted by the ZTL (traffic-restricted zone). It’s better to leave your car outside and use public transportation.

No-Gos in Rome

• No rush: Italians love to take it easy. Impatience is often perceived as rude—especially in restaurants.
• Wrong tip: Tipping in Rome is not mandatory. A small amount of €1–2 is perfectly sufficient.
• Not paying attention to clothing: Especially when visiting churches, you should ensure that your shoulders and knees are covered.

---

Rome is more than just a travel destination – it is an experience that stays in your memory. Whether you admire the ancient monuments, sample the Italian cuisine, or simply enjoy the atmosphere, the Eternal City will always captivate you.